|
File:Electricity grid simple- North America.svg|thumb|380px|right|Simplified diagram of AC electricity distribution from generation stations to consumers rect 2 243 235 438 Power station rect 276 317 412 556 Transformer rect 412 121 781 400 Electric power transmission rect 800 0 980 165 Transformer desc bottom-left A transmission system operator (TSO) is an entity entrusted with transporting energy in the form of natural gas〔(European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas ) ''ENTSO-G''. Retrieved: 2 October 2010.〕 or electrical power on a national or regional level, using fixed infrastructure. The term is defined by the European Commission. The certification procedure for Transmission System Operators is listed in Article 10 of the Electricity and Gas Directives of 2009.〔()〕 Due to the cost of establishing a transmission infrastructure, such as main power lines or gas main lines and associated connection points, a TSO is usually a natural monopoly, and as such is often subjected to regulations. In electrical power business, a TSO is an operator that transmits electrical power from generation plants over the electrical grid to regional or local electricity distribution operators. In natural gas business, a TSO receives gas from producers, transports it via pipeline through an area and delivers to gas distribution companies. The United States has similar organizational categories: independent system operator (ISO) and regional transmission organization (RTO). ==Role in electrical power transmission== Safety and reliability are a critical issue for transmission system operators, since any failure on their grid or their electrical generation sources might propagate to a very large number of customers, causing personal and property damages. Natural hazards and generation/consumption imbalances are a major cause of concern. To minimize the probability of grid instability and failure, regional or national transmission system operators are interconnected to each other. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「transmission system operator」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|